Process for the coloring of material.



UNITED STATES PATENT GFFICE.

LEO SCHULHOF, OF NEW YORK. N. Y., ASSZGNOR 336 THE AMERICAN DIAMALT(10., OF CINCINNATI, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

'lPROCESS FOR COLGRING (3F MATERIAL.

No Drawing.

Application filed December :2

To all whom it may concern. 7

Be it known that. 1, Leo Scinmiior, a subject of the Em 'ieror ofAustria-Hungary, residing at New YOFlI city, in the county ot lei-v Yorkand State ot New Yuri-1, have iii-- suited certain new and v 8 113 inProcesses tor the o t, of which the. following is and exact descriptionsuch others skilled in the art to which i' tains to make and use thesame.

This invention relates to the coloring of material and with respect toits more specific features to a process for reducing and dis solvingvarious dyes.

Que of the objects of the invention is to provide a practical andeliicicnt process or rendering dyes soluble.

Another object of the invention to pro vide a practical and etlicientprocess for the reduction of dyes.

Another object of the invention is to provide a. process wherein anctlicient control of the fixing of dyes is secured.

Another object is to provide a process of the kind described which shallbe simple and inexpensive.

Uthcr objects will be in part obvious and in part pointed outhereinafter.

The invention ccordingly consists in the several steps and'the relationand order of one or more of such steps with relation to each of theothers thereof, which will. be exemplified in the hereinafter disclosedprocess, and the scope of the application of which will be indicated inthe claims that follow.

In order to make the invention clearer it to be noted that there aresome classes of commercially important dyes which are sub stantiallyinsoluble in the ordinary solvents used in dyeing, such as Water,alcohol, etc. Usually, in dyeing material, either uniformly or in themanner of topical coloring, these insoluble dyes, during at least a111E218 urnble interval of time, must be rendered soluble, and while inthe soluble state they are absorbed by the material to be dyed.Subsequently, and While so incorporated in the material they arereturned to the insoluble form. Various means have been devised Lettersto these dyes soluble.

Patented Jan. 28, 1913.

Serial No. 599,1s7.

For example, of the sulfur dyes one of the most frequently used solventsis sodium sulfid,

win: in dissolving the indigos, sodium hyi ...te r a sii'uilur agent inalkaline solurused. die course of a number of experit has been foundthat the substance in alkaline solution acts as an eflisolvent. Themaltose may be employed or with substances adapted to a similar use andits action in the case of certain 1- seel'ns to be a reduction wherebyoxygen equivalent extracted from the dyes and they become soluble.

The following procedures include an em bodimcni of the presentinvention, as'applied to dyeing and printing.

[fr/ample J. For (Z g ez'ng.T en parts of indunthrcne blue are mixedwith ten parts of "olulioiz containing diastase and upward 35% in .toscand the mixture heated to This mixture dissolved in a causi lye solutioncontaining one part of causii to one hundred parts of Water. Into thissolution. is then introduced a quantity of cotton ye. ru in theproportion of one part of yarn for every thirty parts of solution. Thebath is kept at suit-able dyeing temperature say 140"" ll, until thematerial is sufficiently impi hater. The latter is then removed, exposedto the air, Washed and dried, whereby the dye is fixed on the fiber.Although cotton yarn been mentioned specifically in this example, it isto be understood that the process is also suitable to many other kindsof material. It is to be further understood that. the process isgenerally applicable to the various modes of dyeing, that a treatmentwith any suitable oxidizing agent may replace the exposure to air and inboth cases the treatment may be carried out with or u'ithmit theaddition of acid to the material. In some cases, Where acid can be used,a more rapid oxidation may be brought about.

Eaumzple 2 For 79m'nting.0ne hundred parts indanthrcne blue are mixedwith.

cific gravity of 30 Be. To this mixture seven hundred parts of-starch orother thickening material are added. Cotton tabric is printed with. thismixture, then steamed for one hour, washed and dried, In

generally applicable in com "ion w rious i'ncdes of printing, includingpar:

ding, etc.

It to be understood that any suitable maltose-containing exiiraat withan enzym. might be employed. diast-ase is here included on account oi lcatalytic power and experiment s dicate that a more eilicient action ins=.:cured when such an enzym present than when it is omitted.

Numerous experiments have prey-en that maltose may be also success oilyemploy in connection with other substances to dissolve and reduce dyes.For example, a m ture of maltose and hydrosulfite oi": soda possessesproperties, which make it especially suitable to many kinds of dyesAliza. line hydrosuliites alone rapidly dissolve and reduce various dyesand iixirw" accomplished when they are use of the fact that the hyih iHlil' their solvent and reducing properties under the action of fixinagents,whereliy the dyes incorporated in the material are renderedinsoluble. Maltese on the other hand. has certain properties whichinsure a slow fixing action and by suitably c nil 'nio the. two,mixtures may be obtained ily adapted to various dyes and materials.llcnce it will. be readily seen from the .i'orcgi'iing that a veryeliicient means of control of the living of dyes on material may beSGCllIQtldJY the combined use of these two agents. Th s use of maltoseand a hydrosuliiie applicable to the various dyeing and printingprocesses.

The invention is applicable to insoluble dyes and also to reducible dyesand the following classes are some of those to which it is especiallyadapted: to) the indigo ilyis including indigo and halogen, ailiyi, t dother derivatives thereof; (it the thio-indigo dyes includingthio-indigo and its dcrivatives and substitution products with. othergroups; (0) the antln'aquinone vat dyes, which appear in the inariiet inmany combinations and under various names as indanthrene, algol, etc;and (d) the sulfur dyes and their derivatives, commercial examples ofwhich are the katigen colors. sulfur blacks and ii'ni'nedial colors. itwill thus be seen that a simple practical process is provided whereinthe objects of the invention are-achieved 1'21 ll'zu :3 n account Itwill be obvious from the foregoing that the substance maltose might beemployed to reduce and dissolve various organic substances.

it is to he understood that the process may be modiii 'd to accord withthe various "-de y=riai used, and although the anthraquinone vat dyesand e conspicuous groups to which lapted there are other classes 'ch itmight be also efficiently many changes-1 could be made in the aboveproce-s and many apparently widely' different e boriimenis of thisinvention could be to without departing from the scope thereof, itntended that all 'matter .-t ined in the ere description shall be i as Estrative and not in a it also to he understood 'uag e used in thefollowing int: nlcd to cover all the generic features of the inventionherein iced, and all statements of the scope of the inieniion, which, asa matter of lanht be saidv to fall therebetween.

described my invention, what I new and desire in secure by Lettersendering a. dye soluble by applyii. disastasc and ll'ltlltOSQ thereto.of .urcpln'ing a bath which conmriss'; rendering; a suliur dye solubleby apply: thereto.

'l of preparing a bath which COiffi'il'h-Afrs di. rotting an insolubledye in maltose solution.

A coloring process which comprises dissohing' a dye in a mixture ofmaltose and an alkali, introducing a material to be dyed into thesolution, and fixing the dye upon the material.

5. The process of preparing a bath, which consists in dissolving a dyein a solvent couiprising maltose and a reducing substance adapted toquickly lose its reducing power upon exposure to an agent adapted torender said dye insoluble.

ii. The process of preparing a bath, which compri; dsolving an insolubledye in a solvent comprising maltose and a reducing agent adapted todissolve said dye, said reducing agent being adapted to quickly lose itssolvent power upon exposure to arfagentadapted to render said dyeinsoluble.

7. The process of preparing a bath which comprises dissolvin" aninsoluble dye in maltose and an alkaline hydrosulfite.

8. A coloring process, which comprises applying an insoluble dye to asuitable material, in the presence of maltose and another substancecapable of dissolving said dye and adapted to quickly lose its solventpower upon exposure to an agent adapted sulfite and a caustic alkali,and fixing said 10 to fix said dye upon said material. dye upon saidmaterial.

9. A coloring process, which consists in -In testimony whereof I aflixmy signaapplying a dye to a suitable material, in the ture, in thepresence of two witnesses. presence of maltose and an alkalinehydrosulfite, and fixing the dye upon the material. LEO bL'HULHOB L0.colorlng process which consists in \Vitnesses: applylng an insoluble dyeupon a suitable J. B. L. ORME,

material in the presence of maltose, a hydro- L. A. \VATsoN.

